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RNG

A random number generator supplies values mapped to outcomes by game logic, separately from payout rules.

Concept and usage

A random number generator supplies values mapped to outcomes by game logic, separately from payout rules.[1][2]

In context

RNG means random number generator: a system producing numbers or random bits that software may map to outcomes. Applications can have different requirements for entropy, unpredictability, statistical distribution and security testing.[1][2]

Common confusion

Statistical tests examine selected properties of output samples. They do not, by themselves, prove that a whole product is fair, secure or unbiased. Algorithm choice, seed sources, implementation, version control and the scope of independent testing also matter.[1][2]

Example

A sample that passes statistical tests supports only a limited conclusion about those tests and that sample. It does not predict the next output or establish that every game on a service uses the same mechanism.[1][2]

Keep exploring

FoundationUnderstanding RNG and outcome generationA random number generator produces values that game logic maps to outcomes. Random generation and payout design are different layers. A random outcome process can still operate under rules with a house edge.Compare perspectivesProvably fair: verification and its limitsProvably fair mechanisms use commitments and subsequent disclosures to make certain outcomes reproducible. This is a method for checking an outcome process, not a guarantee of profit or a verdict on an entire service.Related contextProbability, payouts and experience: three languagesProbability describes how likely an event is, a paytable defines its payout and experience reflects a finite sequence of outcomes. These are related but not interchangeable. A large payout does not imply a likely outcome.

Glossary

Compare perspectivesProvably FairRelated contextVolatilityRelated contextGame Provider

Sources and scope

  1. SP 800-22 Rev. 1: A Statistical Test Suite for Random and Pseudorandom Number GeneratorsNational Institute of Standards and TechnologyChecked:

    Defines the scope of statistical tests; passing tests alone does not prove an entire system secure or fair.

  2. Testing strategy for compliance with remote gambling and software technical standardsUK Gambling CommissionChecked:

    Describes game testing and audit requirements in a specific UK regulatory framework.